Herpes zoster - Xaħx
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Herpes zoster folji fuq l-għonq u l-ispalla
References
Xingles, ikkawżat mir-riattivazzjoni tal-vajrus tal-varicella zoster responsabbli mill-ġidri r-riħ, jaffettwa madwar miljun ruħ kull sena fl-Istati Uniti, b'riskju tul il-ħajja ta' 30%. Dawk b'sistemi immuni mdgħajfa huma b'mod sinifikanti aktar suxxettibbli li jiżviluppaw ħruq ta 'Sant'Antnin, b'sintomi tipikament jibdew b'mard, uġigħ ta' ras, u deni ħafif, segwiti minn sensazzjonijiet mhux tas-soltu fil-ġilda ftit jiem qabel id-dehra ta 'raxx. Dan ir-raxx, li ġeneralment jidher f'żona speċifika tal-ġisem, jimxi minn folji ċari għal feriti bil-qoxra fuq medda ta' ġimgħa sa għaxart ijiem. Kura fil-pront b'mediċini antivirali (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) fi żmien 72 siegħa mill-bidu tar-raxx hija kruċjali. Nevralġija postherpetika, kumplikazzjoni komuni kkaratterizzata minn uġigħ fit-tul fiż-żona affettwata, taffettwa madwar wieħed minn kull ħames pazjenti u teħtieġ ġestjoni kontinwa b'mediċini bħal gabapentin, pregabalin, jew ċerti antidipressanti, flimkien ma 'aġenti topiċi bħal lidocaine jew capsaicin. It-tilqim kontra l-virus varicella zoster huwa rrakkomandat għall-adulti minn 50 sena 'l fuq biex jitnaqqas ir-riskju ta' xaħx.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster għandu tendenza li jseħħ aktar ta' spiss f'nies ta' 50 sena jew aktar, dawk b'sistemi immuni mdgħajfa, u dawk li jieħdu mediċini immunosoppressanti. Jiġi attivat mir-riattivazzjoni tal-virus varicella-zoster, l-istess virus li jikkawża l-ġidri r-riħ. Sintomi bħal deni, uġigħ, u ħakk komunement jippreċedu d-dehra tar-raxx karatteristika. L-aktar kumplikazzjoni komuni hija newralġija post-erpetika, li hija uġigħ fin-nervituri persistenti wara li r-raxx jiċċara. Il-fatturi ta’ riskju u l-kumplikazzjonijiet assoċjati mal-herpes zoster ivarjaw skont l-età, is-saħħa immuni, u l-ħin tal-bidu tat-trattament. It-tilqim għal individwi minn 60 sena 'l fuq intwera li jnaqqas b'mod sinifikanti l-okkorrenza ta' herpes zoster u newralġija post-erpetika. Il-bidu ta 'mediċini antivirali u mediċini li jtaffu l-uġigħ fi żmien 72 siegħa mill-bidu tar-raxx jista' jnaqqas is-severità u l-kumplikazzjonijiet ta 'herpes zoster u newralġija post-erpetika.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Il-provi kliniċi qabel l-approvazzjoni jindikaw li l-vaċċin zoster ħaj jaħdem madwar 50 sa 70%, filwaqt li l-vaċċin rikombinanti jaħdem aħjar, li jvarja minn 90 sa 97%. Fi studji fid-dinja reali, huma jappoġġjaw is-sejbiet tal-provi, li juru li l-vaċċin ħaj huwa madwar 46% effettiv, filwaqt li dak rikombinanti huwa madwar 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Il-ġidri r-riħ, imsejħa wkoll varicella, tirriżulta mill-infezzjoni inizjali bil-virus, li tipikament isseħħ matul it-tfulija jew l-adolexxenza. Ladarba l-ġidri r-riħ tkun imfejqa, il-virus jista 'jibqa' inattiv (irqad) fiċ-ċelloli tan-nervituri umani għal snin jew għexieren ta 'snin, u wara jista' jerġa 'jattiva. xaħx (herpes zoster) jirriżulta meta l-virus tal-variċella rieqed jiġi attivat mill-ġdid. Imbagħad il-virus jivvjaġġa tul il-korpi tan-nervituri sat-truf tan-nervituri fil-ġilda, u jipproduċi nfafet. Waqt tifqigħa ta’ xaħx (herpes zoster) , l-espożizzjoni għall-virus tal-variċella misjub fil-folji ta’ xaħx (herpes zoster) jista’ jikkawża ġidri r-riħ f’xi ħadd li għadu ma kellux il-ġidri r-riħ.
Fatturi ta' riskju għar-riattivazzjoni tal-virus inattiv jinkludu xjuħija, funzjoni immuni batuta, u li tkun qabdet il-ġidri r-riħ qabel it-18-il xahar. Il-virus tal-varicella zoster mhuwiex l-istess bħall-virus tal-herpes simplex, għalkemm it-tnejn jappartjenu għall-istess familja ta 'herpesviruses.
Il-vaċċini ta’ xaħx (herpes zoster) inaqqsu r-riskju ta’ xaħx (herpes zoster) b’50% sa 90%. Tnaqqas ukoll ir-rati ta 'newralġija postherpetika, u, jekk isseħħ xaħx (herpes zoster) , is-severità tagħha. Jekk tiżviluppa xaħx (herpes zoster) , mediċini antivirali bħal aciclovir jistgħu jnaqqsu s-severità u t-tul tal-marda jekk jinbdew fi żmien 72 siegħa mid-dehra tar-raxx.
○ Trattament
Jekk il-leżjonijiet qed jinfirxu malajr, ara lit-tabib tiegħek kemm jista' jkun malajr għal kura antivirali.
Kemm mediċini antivirali kif ukoll mediċini tan-newralġija huma meħtieġa. Għandek tistrieħ u tieqaf tixrob l-alkoħol.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin